错误处理与重试

使用内置重试

Python

from openai import OpenAI

client = OpenAI(
    api_key="your-api-key",
    base_url="https://www.cheapertoken.work/v1",
    max_retries=3,
    timeout=60.0,
)

JavaScript

import OpenAI from "openai";

const client = new OpenAI({
  apiKey: "your-api-key",
  baseURL: "https://www.cheapertoken.work/v1",
  maxRetries: 3,
  timeout: 60000,
});

手动处理错误

Python

import time
from openai import OpenAI, RateLimitError, APITimeoutError, APIConnectionError

client = OpenAI(api_key="your-api-key", base_url="https://www.cheapertoken.work/v1")

def chat_stream(messages, max_retries=3):
    for attempt in range(max_retries):
        try:
            stream = client.chat.completions.create(
                model="gpt-5.4",
                messages=messages,
                stream=True,
            )
            result = ""
            for chunk in stream:
                if chunk.choices[0].delta.content:
                    result += chunk.choices[0].delta.content
            return result
        except RateLimitError:
            wait = 2 ** attempt
            print(f"触发限速，{wait}秒后重试...")
            time.sleep(wait)
        except APITimeoutError:
            print("请求超时，重试中...")
        except APIConnectionError as e:
            print(f"连接错误: {e}")
            break
    raise Exception("请求失败，已达最大重试次数")

JavaScript

import OpenAI from "openai";

const client = new OpenAI({
  apiKey: "your-api-key",
  baseURL: "https://www.cheapertoken.work/v1",
});

async function chatStream(messages, maxRetries = 3) {
  for (let attempt = 0; attempt < maxRetries; attempt++) {
    try {
      const stream = await client.chat.completions.create({
        model: "gpt-5.4",
        messages,
        stream: true,
      });
      let result = "";
      for await (const chunk of stream) {
        const content = chunk.choices[0]?.delta?.content;
        if (content) result += content;
      }
      return result;
    } catch (err) {
      if (err instanceof OpenAI.RateLimitError) {
        const wait = 2 ** attempt;
        console.log(`触发限速，${wait}秒后重试...`);
        await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, wait * 1000));
      } else if (err instanceof OpenAI.APIConnectionError) {
        console.error(`连接错误: ${err.message}`);
        break;
      } else {
        console.log("请求超时，重试中...");
      }
    }
  }
  throw new Error("请求失败，已达最大重试次数");
}

常见错误码

错误类型	状态码	原因	处理方式
AuthenticationError	401	API Key 无效	检查 Key
PermissionDeniedError	403	无访问权限	检查账户
NotFoundError	404	模型不存在	检查模型名称
RateLimitError	429	频率/额度超限	指数退避重试
InternalServerError	500	服务端错误	稍后重试